Ethics

All IEEE authors are expected to adhere to IEEE’s publishing ethics, including the definition of authorship, the appropriate citation of sources, the accurate reporting of data, and the publishing of original research. Visit the IEEE Author Center to learn more. All articles submitted for publication should be original and not under consideration elsewhere; if your article is based on a previous publication such as a conference proceeding, cite the original publication and clearly indicate how the articles differ. Articles are screened for plagiarism and reviewed by a minimum of two reviewers using a single-anonymous peer-review process before acceptance. Contact the Editor-in-Chief with any questions on publishing ethics.